The performance differences between celluloid film and ordinary plastic film (taking PVC film as an example) primarily lie in their composition, physical properties, chemical stability, and safety. These differences are as follows:
1. Composition and Material Nature
Celluloid film: Made primarily from nitrocellulose (collodion), with the addition of plasticizers (such as camphor), it belongs to the nitrate plastic family and is one of the earliest synthetic plastics.
PVC film: Made primarily from polyvinyl chloride (PVC), it is a vinyl chloride polymer, with or without plasticizers (soft PVC).
2. Chemical Stability
Celluloid film: Sensitive to solvents, easily corroded by organic solvents such as alcohol and gasoline. Prolonged exposure to air can lead to degradation (becoming brittle and discoloring) due to the decomposition of nitrocellulose.
PVC film: Strongly chemically resistant, it tolerates most acids, bases, and organic solvents (except strong solvents such as ketones). However, prolonged contact with oils and fats may cause swelling. 3. Safety
Celluloid film: Highly flammable, burns rapidly when exposed to open flames or high temperatures (above 150°C), releasing toxic gases (such as nitrogen oxides). Aging can make it even less safe.
PVC film: Non-flammable (self-extinguishing), but can release toxic gases such as hydrogen chloride at high temperatures. Some plasticizers (such as phthalates) may be harmful to the human body.